Research Article

The Interest of Non-Invasive Ventilation in The Management of Respiratory Pathology of Premature Newborns at Ehs Nouar Fadela

Bouabida Djamila
University of Oran 1, Algeria
* Corresponding author
Zelmat Setti Aouicha
University of Oran 1, Algeria
Belalaoui Izdihar
University of Oran 1, Algeria
DOI icon 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.4.198

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Submitted 2022-04-15
Published 2022-08-01

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Article Main Content

The rate of prematurity has increased markedly over the last 20 years. These preterm infants have a high risk of morbidity, especial respiratory, compared to full-term infants. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) has significantly improved the prognosis of this respiratory distress (MMH).

The objective: The objective of this work was to study risk factors and management of respiratory pathology in premature newborns at the EHS NOUAR FADELA.

Patients and methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, mono-centric study including all newborns having recourse to CPAP and managed in a level IIb maternity hospital at the E Nouar Fadela between January 2019 and June 2021. Pearson's Chi-squares were used for statistical testing. A p-value<0.05 represented a statistically significant difference.

Results: We recorded 12633 deliveries of which 623 were preterm births representing 4.93% of births. For maternal characteristics: the average age was 29 ±5.57 years. Maternal morbidity was present in 20.9% gravidic hypertension and 11.7% gestational diabetes. Neonatal morbidity was dominated in preterm newborns was respiratory distress in 41.4%. Mechanical ventilation was necessary in 12.6% of cases. The two main causes of respiratory distress were MMH, maternal-fetal infection, respiratory distress, and respiratory failure. Significant risk factors for respiratory distress were gestational age, male sex and pre-labour caesarean birth (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The use of NIV in newborns with respiratory distress is not negligible. Our results confirm the effectiveness of NIV. It is also essential to limit the use of pre-labour caesarean section to these terms whenever possible.

Keywords: NCPAP: continuos positive airway pressure, NRD: neonatal respiratory distress, SA: weeks of amenorrhea, VNI: non-in Nasal

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