Research Article

Correlation Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with the Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar

I Dewa Gede Arta Eka Putra
Udayana University, Indonesia
* Corresponding author
I Made Wiranadha
Udayana University, Indonesia
Felicia Yumita Winata
Udayana University, Indonesia
Ida Bagus Gede Hendra Kusuma
Udayana University, Indonesia
DOI icon 10.24018/clinicmed.2023.4.4.277

Read Counter
330

Downloads
281

Citations

Share

Article Sidebar

Submitted 2023-03-26
Published 2023-07-14

Read counter = 330 times

Table of Contents

Article Main Content

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is part of a complex sleep disordered breathing syndrome. OSA is defined by periods of respiratory events such as apneas, hypopneas, or respiratory effort related arousals during sleep, leading to hypoxia, waking during the night, excessive daytime sleepiness and hindering daily activities. In addition, OSA can also cause various systemic complications and even death. The occurrence of OSA is associated with the presence of metabolic disorders that cause type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), with as many as 30% patients with OSA also have type 2 DM. The occurence of OSA are often underdiagnosed, especially in high-risk population. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between type 2 DM with the risk of OSA.

Methods: A cross sectional analytic study was conducted from June to August 2022 at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar with a total of 80 respondents. The risk of OSA in the respondents was recorded using the Berlin questionnaire.

Results: Of the 80 respondents, there were 33 people with a high risk of OSA and 47 people with a low risk of OSA. Respondents with a high risk of OSA were mostly male (78.6%), with the most ages between 51-60 years (53.6%), had type 2 DM (78.6%), and with nutritional status obese I (60.7%). There is a significant relationship between OSA and type 2 DM with a p-value of 0.019 (<0.05), a prevalence ratio of 3.3 with a 95% confidence interval (1.2-9.0), and a correlation coefficient of 0.254.

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between type 2 DM and OSA and is positively correlated. Type 2 DM is a risk factor of OSA, with 3.3 times the risk to develop a high risk OSA compared to patients without type 2 DM.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus Obstructive sleep apnea risk factors

References

  1. Kapur VK, Auckley DH, Chowdhuri S, Kuhlmann DC, Mehra R, Ramar K, et al. Clinical practice guideline for diagnostic testing for adult obstructive sleep apnea: an american academy of sleep medicine clinical practice guideline. J Clin Sleep Med. 2017; 13(03): 479-504.
     Google Scholar
  2. Utpat K, Desai U, Joshi JM. Obstructive sleep apnea and diabetes mellitus: a bitter combo. Indian J Sleep Med. 2018; 13(3): 48-52.
     Google Scholar
  3. Abbasi A, Gupta SS, Sabharwal N, Meghrajani V, Sharma S, Kamholz S, et al. A comprehensive review of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep sci. 2021; 14(2): 142-154.
     Google Scholar
  4. Wiernsperger N, Nivoit P, Bouskela E. Obstructive sleep apnea and insulin resistance: a role for microcirculation. Clin Sao Paulo Braz. 2006; 61(3): 253-66.
     Google Scholar
  5. Perkeni. Konsesus pengelolaan dan pencegahan diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Indonesia. Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia. 2011. Indonesian.
     Google Scholar
  6. Sutikno B, Amatpoera H, Juniati SH. Validitas Epworth Sleepiness scale, Modified Berlin Questionnaire dan STOP questionnaire dalam memprediksi diagnosis obstructive sleep apnea. Jurnal THT-KL. 2009; 2(3): 106-114.
     Google Scholar
  7. Amra B, Javani M, Soltaninejad F, Penzel T, Fietze I, Schoebel C, et al. Comparison of Berlin Questionnaire, STOP-Bang, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea in persian patients. Int J Prev Med. 2018; 9(1): 1-5.
     Google Scholar
  8. Flint PW, Haughey BH, and Lund VJ. Cummings otolaryngology: head and neck surgery. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020.
     Google Scholar
  9. Bambang S, Rusmala D. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome pada anak. Sari pediatri. 2005; 7(2): 77-84.
     Google Scholar
  10. Chung F, Abdullah HR, Liao P. STOP-Bang Questionnaire: a practical approach to screen for obstructive sleep apnea. Chest. 2016; 149(3): 631-8.
     Google Scholar
  11. Nalle TS, Putra AE. Hubungan diabetes mellitus dengan obstructive sleep apnea di Gedung Mario Tabanan. Intisari Sains Medis. 2021; 12(1): 88-91.
     Google Scholar